Giles County was formed in 1806 from portions of Monroe, Montgomery and Tazewell counties. It was named in honor of the current U.S. Senator from the state, William Branch Giles, who later became Governor of Virginia (1827-1830). At the time of its creation it contained portions of the following present-day counties: Bland, Criag, Mercer, Raleigh, Summers, and Wyoming.
In 1808 a small part of Wythe County was added to Giles. In 1824 some of Giles's land was transferred to newly-established Logan County. Another portion of Tazewell was added to Giles in 1826 and a portion of Monroe was added in 1829. In 1836 a farm of 337 acres was transferred from Tazewell jurisdiction to that of Giles.
In 1837 Mercer County was subdivided from Giles's and Tazewell's land. In 1841 a portion of Mercer County was transferred back to Giles. Craig County took another small part of Giles when it was created in 1851, and again in 1858 other Giles land went to Craig. Bland County's creation in 1861 took further portions of Giles, Tazewell and Wythe. In 1880 two farms in Craig County were transferred back to Giles. Thee final boundary adjustment came in 1900 whena small portion of Giles was transferred to Bland County.
The earliest known settlers in the region were a small group of Pennsylvanians who settled around Glen Lyn as early as 1742.
Giles County,Virginia 1810 Federal Census: A Transcription
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